11th Johnny Cash singing Ben Jonson poetry

11th Ben Jonson

Epigram – a brief poem or other writing (inscription) in praise of a deceased person

·         Short lines with bouncy rhythms

·         Paradoxical twists

·         Parallel phrases or clauses

Hypothesize – to make informed guesses about the people events or ideas in the work

Archaic words – words that are no longer in general use

·         Thou, thy, thine, wast, wert, hast, hath, dost, doth

Ben Jonson – friend and rival of Shakespeare and Donne

Compares to Donne - poetery is clear compared to Donne's complex metaphors

10th Nonfiction Analysis

1.What type of non-fiction article is this?
Biography ___ Autobiography ___ Essay ___ Journal ___
True Adventure ___ Other ___ If other, what ? _________________
Explain your choice _____________________________________
________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

2.A. Is the article mainly: description ___ narration ___ exposition (explaining) ___

B. Quote two or three sentences of the main type of writing. (Include the page number.) _________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

3. Are there any anecdotes? Yes ___ No ___ If yes, quote one or
summarize one. (Include page number.) ______________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

4. Are there any flashbacks in time. Yes ___ No ___ If yes, what
are the time periods involved?

A. Main time period and the event. _________________________ _______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

B. Flashback time period and the event.(Include page number.) _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

5. A. What message does the article have? How does the article
convey this? ___________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

B. Does the author have a different purpose than the message?
Yes ___ No ___ Explain __________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________

6. What did you learn about the main characters in the article. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

7. Does any part of this "non-fiction" article seem to be fictional
or made up? Yes ___ No ___ If yes, which part? (Include page) ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

8. A. Does the article show tension (conflict) in the characters?
Yes ___ No ___ Explain _____________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

B. Does the article cause tension (conflict) in the reader?
Yes ___ No ___ Explain ____________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________

9. What is the tone or mood of the article? Humorous ___ Sad ___
Serious ___ Tragic ___ Satiric ___ Other ______

Explain your choice __________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

11th Ballads and Sonnetts

Ballad= song or poem that tells a story in short verses and simple words

Like country western songs

Tell of fate of lovers (usually tragic)

Sensational crimes

Dangers of the working life

Historical disasters

First ballads appeared during the 12th century. First were oral tradition.

Folk ballad = narrative poem intended to be sung and without a known author

Characteristics of a ballad

Four-line stanzas in which the second and fourth lines rhyme

Repeated key phrases or a regularly repeated section, called a refrain

Dialogue

Dialect = form of language spoken by people in a particular region or group

Common theme of ballads

Death by murder or accident

Tragic and bloody

The Two Corbies

Young knight lies slain, unmourned by his hawk, hound or lady love

Story unfolds through a conversation between two ravens

Lord Randall

Get Up and Bar the Door

Humorous

Husband and wife bicker

Robbers

Barbara Allan

Graeme on his death bead

Sonnet = fourteen-line lyric poem with a single theme

Each line is usually in iambic pentameter - five groups of two syllables

Accent on second syllable

Petrarchan sonnet = octave rhyming abba abba and sestet rhyming cdecde

Spenserian sonnet = rhyme abab bcbc cdcdee

Shakespearean sonnet = rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg

3 quatrains (four-line stanzas)

Rhyming couplet - often a dramatic statement that resolves, restates, or redefines the central problem of the sonnet

Sir Thomas More - Utopia

Heroic monarch

Elizabeth I - Speech Before Her Troops

10th Nonfiction Stories

"My Left Foot" By Christy Brown

How is this story inspirational?

Epiphany - what is it like & where does it come from?

Are people with physical disabilities different physically and mentally?

Hawking & Reeve

What is the author's purpose in writing this autobiography?

What condition did the author have and why is it relevant to this story?

"Style" By Maya Angelou

How does Angelou connect style to success?

Why is style sometimes more important than content?

What famous idioms or proverbs does Angelou replicate?

"At Harvesttime" By Maya Angelou

What images does Angelou use as a comparison to the golden rule?

What is the realization that Angelou has and why is it important enough to write about?

"The Analects" Confucius

Does Confucius advocate humility or ambition?

Do you agree with his thoughts and teachings?

Are these realistic?

Aphorism - brief saying that expresses a basic truth

9th English The Odyssey

The Odyssey

The ancient Greeks were great storytellers. They created many stories about gods, goddesses, and other mythical creatures.  Some of these stories tell tales of what happened when magical beings meet mortal man.  

The Greeks loved heroes. One of their heroes was King Odysseus.  The stories of brave Odysseus and his loyal band of men were told over and over by traveling storytellers during the dark ages of ancient Greece. 

A man named Homer lived right at the end of dark ages, in the 8th century BCE. (During 700 BCE.) Over 2700 years ago, the poet Homer collected and wrote down many of the ancient legends told by the traveling storytellers. Homer took all the stories about King Odysseus and put this collection of stories together in one book, which he named The Odyssey.

The stories told of Odysseus and his men who lived on the island of Ithaca. Odysseus had been away from home, fighting a war. After the battle of Troy, which the Greeks won, King Odysseus and his men finally sailed for home. Ithaca is a little island as far away from Troy as you could get and still be in ancient Greece. 

It was a long trip. It could have taken Odysseus a good month to get home. These were early times, and the ships were not as strongly built as they are today. But because of  the trouble Odysseus faced on the way, it took Odysseus and his men ten long years to get home! 

According to the ancient Greek storytellers, in ten long years, Odysseus and his men had quite a few adventures, and all of them had to do with mythical creatures! 

Greek Mythology

Greek Creation Myth:

http://www.cs.williams.edu/~lindsey/myths/myths_16.html

9th Romeo and Juliet Act 3

Romeo & Juliet Notes Act 3

Mercutio is stabbed by Tybolt and dies.

Before Mercutio dies, Romeo tries to keep the peace.

After Mercutio dies, Romeo fights Tybalt and kills him.

·        Why would Romeo be motivated to change suddenly?

Romeo cries “O, I am fortune’s fool!” and flees (3.1.131).

·        Refers specifically to Romeo’s unluckiness in being forced to kill his new wife’s cousin, thereby getting himself banished. It also recalls the sense of fate that hangs over the play.

Romeo and Mercutio respond to their fates differently

·        Romeo blames fate and fortune for the events

·        Romeo is more unrealistic and idealistic

·        Mercutio blames the Montagues and Capulets

·        Mercutio is more pragmatic and levelheaded

Conflict between love beauty and romance vs. honor, pride and status

Which one wins in this Act?

Juliet speaks of suicide when the nurse miscommunicates information about the fight and she thinks Romeo has died & Romeo threatens to stab himself with a sword because he thinks Juliet will not love him for murdering Tybolt - Good Examples of Foreshadowing!!

Romeo says his banishment is a penalty far worse than death.

·        What is his reasoning?

·        Do you agree?

Juliet shows her maturity by:

·        Making Romeo leave in the morning

·        Dominating conversation with Lady Capulet

·        Dismiss the counsel (advice) of her Nurse

·        Recognizes the limits of her powers in heeding to her father

9th Romeo and Juliet Acts 3-5

Acts 3-5

Compare Character: Actions and Motivations

Romeo - Tybalt - Mercutio

What are other character's opinions on Juliet's well-being?

Nurse - Capulets - Paris - Friar

Do any ask her opinion?

What is the Friar's true duty?

Was the price worth the outcome?

Tybalt fights and kills Mercutio.

Romeo fights Tybalt and kills him.

The Prince banishes Romeo from the city.

Romeo hides in Friar Lawrence's cell.

Dramatic Irony - when the audience knows something the characters on stage do not know

Ex. Juliet thinks Romeo has died in the fight

Capulet decides to allow Juliet to marry Paris.

Juliet defies her parents through the negative rejection of the idea.

The nurse suggests she try to live a normal life and marry Paris so Juliet goes to the Friar for comfort.

Friar gives her a potion that will help her fake death.

Juliet's Fears revealed in her monologue

1. Mixture will not work and she will have to marry Paris
2. Friar gave her a deadly poison to cover his honor
3. She will wake in the vault before Romeo returns

Juliet is discovered dead so instead of a wedding, funeral plans are made.

Romeo is misinformed of Juliet's plan and believes she is actually dead.

He buys a deadly drug and travels back to Juliet's grave.

He meets Paris outside, fights and kills him.

Takes the drug and dies before Juliet wakes.

When she wakes, she finds him dead and stabs herself with his Dagger.

Prince harshly condemns the two families for paying the price of the most dearly beloved.

Quotes:

"A plague o' both your houses!"

- 3.1 Mercutio

"Tis torture, and not mercy. Heaven is here

Where Juliet lives, and every cat and dog

And little mouse, every unworthy thing,

Live here in heaven and may look on her,

But Romeo may not."

• 3.1 Romeo

"Is there no pity sitting in the clouds

That sees into the bottom of my grief?

O sweet my mother, cast me not away!

Delay this marriage for a month, a week,

Or if you do not, make the bridal bed

In that dim monument where Tybalt lies."

• 3.5 Juliet

"No warmth,  no breath shall testify thou livest"

• Act 4 Friar

"For never was a story of more woe

Than this of Juliet and her Romeo."

• Act 5

11th Canterbury Tales

The Canterbury Tales

By Geoffrey Chaucer (a late-fourteenth-century English poet)

Chaucer

Born in London in the early 1340s

The Black Death, which ravaged England during Chaucer’s childhood and remained widespread afterward, wiped out an estimated thirty to fifty percent of the population.

In the late 1360s, he married Philippa Roet.  They had at least two sons together. 

In or around 1378, Chaucer began to develop his vision of an English poetry that would be linguistically accessible to all—obedient neither to the court, whose official language was French, nor to the Church, whose official language was Latin. Instead, Chaucer wrote in the vernacular, the English that was spoken in and around London in his day. 

For most of his life, Chaucer served in the Hundred Years War between England and France, both as a soldier and, since he was fluent in French and Italian and conversant in Latin and other tongues, as a diplomat.

Chaucer’s original plan for The Canterbury Tales was for each character to tell four tales, two on the way to Canterbury and two on the way back. But, instead of 120 tales, the text ends after twenty-four tales, and the party is still on its way to Canterbury. Chaucer either planned to revise the structure to cap the work at twenty-four tales, or else left it incomplete when he died on October 25, 1400.

William Caxton, England’s first printer, published The Canterbury Tales in the 1470s.

The Canterbury Tales is written in Middle English, which bears a close visual resemblance to the English written and spoken today. 

The General Prologue

The narrator gives a descriptive account of twenty-seven of these pilgrims, including a Knight, Squire, Yeoman, Prioress, Monk, Friar, Merchant, Clerk, Man of Law, Franklin, Haberdasher, Carpenter, Weaver, Dyer, Tapestry-Weaver, Cook, Shipman, Physician, Wife, Parson, Plowman, Miller, Manciple, Reeve, Summoner, Pardoner, and Host. (He does not describe the Second Nun or the Nun’s Priest, although both characters appear later in the book.)

The Host, Harry Bailey, suggests that the group ride together and entertain one another with stories. Whomever he judges to be the best storyteller will receive a meal at Bailey’s tavern, courtesy of the other pilgrims. The pilgrims draw lots and determine that the Knight will tell the first tale.

10th Nonfiction Stories

"My Left Foot" By Christy Brown

How is this story inspirational?

Epiphany - what is it like & where does it come from?

Are people with physical disabilities different physically and mentally?

Hawking & Reeve

What is the author's purpose in writing this autobiography?

What condition did the author have and why is it relevant to this story?

"Style" By Maya Angelou

How does Angelou connect style to success?

Why is style sometimes more important than content?

What famous idioms or proverbs does Angelou replicate?

"At Harvesttime" By Maya Angelou

What images does Angelou use as a comparison to the golden rule?

What is the realization that Angelou has and why is it important enough to write about?

"The Analects" Confucius

Does Confucius advocate humility or ambition?

Do you agree with his thoughts and teachings?

Are these realistic?

Aphorism - brief saying that expresses a basic truth

9th Grade Romeo & Juliet

Important Quotes from Act II:

But soft, what light through yonder window breaks?
It is the east, and Juliet is the sun.
Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon,
Who is already sick and pale with grief
That thou, her maid, art far more fair than she. . . .
The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars
As daylight doth a lamp; her eye in heaven
Would through the airy region stream so bright
That birds would sing and think it were not night.

-       Romeo

Romeo speaks these lines in the so-called balcony scene, when, hiding in the Capulet orchard after the feast, he sees Juliet leaning out of a high window (2.1.44–64). Though it is late at night, Juliet’s surpassing beauty makes Romeo imagine that she is the sun, transforming the darkness into daylight. Romeo likewise personifies the moon, calling it “sick and pale with grief” at the fact that Juliet, the sun, is far brighter and more beautiful. Romeo then compares Juliet to the stars, claiming that she eclipses the stars as daylight overpowers a lamp—her eyes alone shine so bright that they will convince the birds to sing at night as if it were day.

This quote is important because in addition to initiating one of the play’s most beautiful and famous sequences of poetry, it is a prime example of the light/dark motif that runs throughout the play. Many scenes in Romeo and Juliet are set either late at night or early in the morning, and Shakespeare often uses the contrast between night and day to explore opposing alternatives in a given situation. Here, Romeo imagines Juliet transforming darkness into light; later, after their wedding night, Juliet convinces Romeo momentarily that the daylight is actually night (so that he doesn’t yet have to leave her room).

O Romeo, Romeo,
wherefore art thou Romeo?
Deny thy father and refuse thy name,
Or if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love,
And I’ll no longer be a Capulet.

Juliet speaks these lines, perhaps the most famous in the play, in the balcony scene (2.1.74–78). Leaning out of her upstairs window, unaware that Romeo is below in the orchard, she asks why Romeo must be Romeo—why he must be a Montague, the son of her family’s greatest enemy (“wherefore” means “why,” not “where”; Juliet is not, as is often assumed, asking where Romeo is). Still unaware of Romeo’s presence, she asks him to deny his family for her love. She adds, however, that if he will not, she will deny her family in order to be with him if he merely tells her that he loves her.

A major theme in Romeo and Juliet is the tension between social and family identity (represented by one’s name) and one’s inner identity. Juliet believes that love stems from one’s inner identity, and that the feud between the Montagues and the Capulets is a product of the outer identity, based only on names. She thinks of Romeo in individual terms, and thus her love for him overrides her family’s hatred for the Montague name. She says that if Romeo were not called “Romeo” or “Montague,” he would still be the person she loves. “What’s in a name?” she asks. “That which we call a rose / By any other word would smell as sweet” (2.1.85–86).

9th Shakespeare, Romeo & Juliet Notes

R&J William Shakespeare Notes

William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford.

Shakespeare was one of seven children born to John Shakespeare and Mary Arden.

Shakespeare's father may well have been illiterate, despite achieving a high rank in business and politics.

Later in life Shakespeare's father fell on hard times and had debts, but it is likely his son attended King's New School in Stratford for free because of his temporary status.

William married a woman nearly twice his age. Anne Hathaway was 26 years old when William married her at age 18.

Shakespeare went to London to find work in theatres as an actor.

At that time London was a very busy and disease-ridden city. People there were dying faster than they were born.

The city was also a vibrant place with a thriving thirst for entertainment. There were many temporary stages and theatres and the first permanent stage venue, called The Theatre, was opened in 1576 on the banks of the Thames. It was replaced by The Globe Theatre in 1599.

In 1593 a plague hit London and all public events - including theatre productions - were forbidden until the following year. Shakespeare turned to poetry during this time, producing dark and gruesome tales.

More dark writing were to come in 1596 when Shakespeare's only son, Hamnet, died. Despite being at the height of his fame in London, Shakespeare started to write unsettling plays such as Macbeth, King Lear, Othello and Anthony and Cleopatra.

Wrote 37 plays and composed 154 sonnets. William was also an actor who performed many of his own plays as well as those of other playwrights (Ben Jonson).

As an actor performing his own plays, William performed before Queen Elizabeth I and later before James I who was an enthusiastic patron of his work.

Suicide (13), Racism, and Anti-Semitism repetitive themes.

Shakespeare's sonnets were written for men.

His plays were written to be performed, not read!

Nickname = The Bard

He invented about 1,700 words in the English language. A remarkable number of the phrases and words we use every day first appeared in Shakespeare's work. Shakespeare converted verbs into adjectives or nouns into verbs whenever it suited him. Amazingly, his linguistic inventions stuck, and we still use them today.

Shakespeare is always referred to as an Elizabethan playwright, but as most of his most popular plays were written after Elizabeth’s death he was actually more of a Jacobean writer. His later plays also show the distinct characteristics of Jacobean drama.

It was illegal for women and girls to perform in the theatre in Shakespeare’s lifetime so all the female parts were written for boys.

Shakespeare died on 23 April 1616 - his 52nd birthday. He was buried at Holy Trinity Church in Stratford.

It is believed his self-penned epitaph was:

"Blessed be the man that spares these stones, And curst be he that moves my bones."

Comedy	History	Tragedy	Poetry
All's Well That Ends Well  As You Like It  The Comedy of Errors  Cymbeline  Love's Labours Lost  Measure for Measure  The Merry Wives of Windsor  The Merchant of Venice  A Midsummer Night's Dream  Much Ado About Nothing  Pericles, Prince of Tyre  Taming of the Shrew  The Tempest  Troilus and Cressida  Twelfth Night  Two Gentlemen of Verona  Winter's Tale	Henry IV, part 1  Henry IV, part 2  Henry V  Henry VI, part 1  Henry VI, part 2  Henry VI, part 3  Henry VIII  King John  Richard II  Richard III	Antony and Cleopatra  Coriolanus  Hamlet  Julius Caesar  King Lear  Macbeth  Othello  Romeo and Juliet  Timon of Athens  Titus Andronicus	The Sonnets  A Lover's Complaint  The Rape of Lucrece  Venus and Adonis  Funeral Elegy by W.S.

Romeo & Juliet Act I

Purpose of opening scene

Draw audience attention

Provide background information

(Montague and Capulet hatred & feud)

Characterizations

Benvolio - thoughtful and fearful of law

Tybolt - hothead

Romeo - lovesick

Nurse- familiar/close with Juliet

Lady Capulet - ineffective/flighty

Themes

Masculine honor

Nobility

Young woman's status

Parental Influence

Fate

Puns and double representations

Love at first sight

Monday, March 05, 2012

11:22 PM

What modern musical is an adaptation of R & J?

Analysis

• What are the main events of importance? 

• Which characters are involved in the sub-plot and how does the sub-plot relate to the chief plot of the play?

• How do the characters relate to one another?

• What motivates the central characters? 

• What does the play tell us about life and our ability to control our own destiny?

Sampson and Gregory- two servants of the house of Capulet

Sampson bites his thumb (a highly insulting gesture)

A verbal confrontation quickly escalates into a fight

Benvolio, a kinsman to Montague, enters and draws his sword in an attempt to stop the confrontation. Tybalt, a kinsman to Capulet, sees Benvolio’s drawn sword and draws his own.

Montague and Capulet enter, and only their wives prevent them from attacking one another.

 Prince Escalus arrives and commands the fighting stop on penalty of torture.

The Prince declares the violence between the two families has gone on for too long, and proclaims a death sentence upon anyone who disturbs the civil peace again. 

Romeo reveals to Benvolio his love for Rosaline; she does not return his feelings and has in fact sworn to live a life of chastity.

Paris reveals desire to Capulet to marry Juliet who is 14

Capulet dispatches servant Peter with list to invite people to his party

Peter cannot read and happens to stop Romeo and ask him to read the list

Romeo scores an invite and accepts because he sees Rosaline on the list

Romeo, Benvolio, and their friend Mercutio, all wear masks to the feast

Foreshadowing - Romeo's bad dream about the feast

Romeo and Juliet meet, kiss and discover they are enemies

Round Characters (dynamic) - have many personality traits (multidimensional)

Flat Characters (static) - are one-dimensional, embodying only a single trait (do not change)

Provide comic relief

Dramatic Foils - highlight or bring out the personality traits of another character in a play